“Discover the Astonishing Secrets of Greenland: 11 Surprising Facts That Will Change Your View of This Hidden Gem!”
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Greenlanders voted in favor of self-rule in 2009, giving Greenland autonomy over its internal affairs, while Denmark continues to manage matters of foreign policy, security, and defense. But you’ll still pay for souvenirs with Danish kroner.
It’s ground zero for climate change research.
Greenland has a dynamic climate, featuring rapid weather changes that shift dramatically from sunny rays to blinding blizzards. Summer temperatures hover in the 40s Fahrenheit, while winter average temperatures range from 20°F in the south to -30 °F up north. Average annual precipitation is 75 inches down south and 2 inches in the north, classifying parts of the island as a polar desert. The giant ice sheet and its responses to global warming make Greenland a living laboratory for climate change research.
In just one example of a multi-year project there, NASA’s Oceans Melting Greenland (OMG) mission sought to understand what was happening at the points where ice met sea. Greenland’s melting glaciers are a major source of sea level rise; if the entire ice sheet melted, global sea level would rise by more than 4.5 feet. Satellites images in 2012 revealed that 97 percent of the ice sheet showed signs of melting, and extreme high temperatures in 2016 caused glaciers to recede even faster. When OMG concluded in 2021, researchers found Greenland’s glaciers were disappearing six to seven times faster than they were 25 years earlier. The findings offer critical clues to how fast sea levels may rise over the next 50 years.
Greenland has played a key role in defense strategy since the Cold War.
When Denmark was occupied by Nazi Germany during World War II, the United States stepped in to protect Greenland from the Axis Powers, then returned control to Denmark in 1945. But the U.S. never really left. The 1951 Defense of Greenland agreement between the two countries allowed the U.S. to continue operating in the territory for defense purposes, leading to the creation of Thule Air Base (renamed Pituffik Space Base in 2023), the military’s northernmost base of operations.
In 1960, the U.S. Army built Camp Century, a site deep within the Greenland Ice Sheet. There, soldiers working on Project Iceworm attempted to carve 2500 miles of tunnels to secretly position nuclear intermediate range ballistic missiles (IRBMs) at the Soviet Union. However, officials realized the ice sheet wasn’t as stable as they thought it was, and abandoned the project in 1963. Most of it is still there.
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